116 The biggest moon we know belongs to Jupiter. It is called Ganymede (GAN‑i‑meed). Ganymede is bigger than the planet Mercury! Ganymede Jupiter and some of its moons 24 25 105 © | Teacher Created Materials 923001—Language Power—Student Guided Practice Book Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ________________ 2 105 105 Text Features Directions: Write what you can learn from each text feature. 1. This table helps me know _______________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 2. This diagram helps me know ____________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 3. This heading helps me know ____________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 4. This table of contents helps me know _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ Planet Name Number of Moons Mercury 0 Venus 0 Earth 1 Mars 1 Jupiter 16 Saturn 18+ Uranus 15 Neptune 8 Source: Peter Newark American Pictures / Bridgeman Images How Economies Work An economy is a system of buying and selling things. There are many types of economies. Each country has an economy. Each state has one too. Counties and cities also have economies. Even your class can have an economy! To have an economy, people need goods or services. People also need to be able to buy those goods and services. People can use money to pay for things. People can also trade for things. This type of trading is called bartering. Economies of the Past In the past, some American Indians used bartering as a method of providing for their people. Animal pelts were used as a method of payment for other goods. This was especially true after the arrival of European settlers. A Classroom Economy A Classroom Economy 4/26/22 2:09 PM 4/26/22 2:09 PM Derek Rabelo Surfing the Unseen Derek Rabelo was born blind. He grew up near the ocean and loved the water. He dreamed of surfi ng the waves. At 17, he learned how to surf. Rabelo used the senses he had. He felt the water around him. He listened to the ocean. Each part of the waves sounded diff erent to him. T is helped him learn to ride them. Soon, he wanted a new and bigger challenge. He decided to surf a reef break in Hawai'i. It is called Pipeline. Surfers know that it is very diffi cult to do. Rabelo trained for three years. He had a coach. Friends helped him practice. At last, he did it! A video of his success went viral. A fi lmmaker made a movie about him, too. Rabelo became a professional surfer. He travels around the world. He looks for more challenges and bigger waves. He gives speeches to inspire others. Rabelo keeps on surfi ng the waves of his dream. —Heather E. Schwartz Ne ws pix /G ett y I mag es UTS_G2_ Reading Cards.indd 3 B ob stared at the wooden box that the workers had put on the wall in the hallway just that morning. “It’s a telephone,” his father had said with a note of pride. “Hartford is the first town in the country to have telephones, and we’re one of the first families in Hartford to have one in our house. After all, it’s 1877! We have to keep up with these new-fangled inventions.” Bob’s father had explained to him that if you spoke into the black funnel on the box, your voice would come out of another telephone somewhere else. “How does it get there?” Bob had asked. His father had shown him the thick black wire that ran from the telephone, through the wall, and out to a pole by the street. Bob stepped outside to look at the wire again. Down the street was his friend Willy, playing marbles. Willy and Bob were in fifth grade together. “Hey, Willy!” Bob yelled as he ran over to his friend. “We got a telephone! “ “They’re stupid,” Willy said. “They are not,” Bob answered. He explained how the phone worked. Willy shook his head. “How can a voice go into a wire?” “I don’t know,” Bob admitted. He thought for a moment. “Why don’t we follow the wire and see?” “Okay,” Willy nodded and shoved the marbles in his pocket. Then the two boys headed down the street, following the telephone wire. Horse-drawn carriages rolled by, and a streetcar filled with people headed downtown. The wire ran from pole to pole and was joined by other wires. Soon a thick bundle of them hung from the poles. “Which one is our wire?” Bob asked. “I don’t know,” said Willy. “I think it’s that one.” The two boys crossed the street and kept following the thick black strand. A wagon carrying blocks of ice wheeled passed them. Bob kept his eyes on the wire, determined not to lose it again. “Hey, this is my street,” Willy said as they turned a corner. “And look where the wire goes,” Bob said. “That’s my house!” Willy cried. The two boys ran the last few yards and up the steps into Willy’s house. Willy’s mother stood in their hallway. She beamed at the two of them. “Look boys, it has just been put in. It’s a telephone!” Willy and Bob nodded and then they went outside. “See, I told you it was stupid,” Willy said. “Why do I need a telephone to talk to you? You only live a block away.” “I guess you’re right,” Bob said. “This telephone thing will never last. Let’s go play marbles!” “The Party Wire” is a painting by Norman Rockwell. Long ago, people in different homes shared the same phone line. It was called a party wire. © Teacher Created Materials #16418—Language Power Red Level C—Card Set B ob stared at the wooden box that the workers had put on the wall in the hallway just that morning. “It’s a telephone,” his father had said with a note of pride. “Hartford is the first town in the country to have telephones, and we’re one of the first families in Hartford to have one in our house. After all, it’s 1877! We have to keep up with these new-fangled inventions.” Bob’s father had explained to him that if you spoke into the black funnel on the box, your voice would come out of another telephone somewhere else. “How does it get there?” Bob had asked. His father had shown him the thick black wire that ran from the telephone, through the wall, and out to a pole by the street. Bob stepped outside to look at the wire again. Down the street was his friend Willy, playing marbles. Willy and Bob were in fifth grade together. “Hey, Willy!” Bob yelled as he ran over to his friend. “We got a telephone! “ “They’re stupid,” Willy said. “They are not,” Bob answered. He explained how the phone worked. Willy shook his head. “How can a voice go into a wire?” “I don’t know,” Bob admitted. He thought for a moment. “Why don’t we follow the wire and see?” “Okay,” Willy nodded and shoved the marbles in his pocket. Then the two boys headed down the street, following the telephone wire. Horse-drawn carriages rolled by, and a streetcar carriages rolled by, and a streetcar carriages rolled by, and a filled with people streetcar filled with people streetcar headed downtown. The wire ran from pole to pole and was joined by other wires. Soon a thick bundle of them hung from the poles. “Which one is our wire?” Bob asked. “I don’t know,” said Willy. “I think it’s that one.” The two boys crossed the street and kept following the thick black strand. A wagon carrying blocks of ice wheeled passed them. Bob kept his eyes on the wire, determined not to lose it again. “Hey, this is my street,” Willy said as they turned a corner. “And look where the wire goes,” Bob said. “That’s my house!” Willy cried. The two boys ran the last few yards and up the steps into Willy’s house. Willy’s mother stood in their hallway. She beamed at beamed at beamed the two of them. “Look boys, it has just been put in. It’s a telephone!” Willy and Bob nodded and then they went outside. “See, I told you it was stupid,” Willy said. “Why do I need a telephone to talk to you? You only live a block away.” “I guess you’re right,” Bob said. “This telephone thing will never last. Let’s go play marbles!” “The Party Wire” is a painting by Norman Rockwell. Long ago, people in different homes shared the same phone line. It was called a party wire. © Teacher Created Materials #16418—Language Power Red Level C—Card Set © Teacher Created Materials i14751—Language Power Blue Level B—Text Card Set LIBRARY OF CONGRESS TCM 16412-I7179 6-8 Level B card set.indd 3 TCM 16412-I7179 6-8 Level B card set.indd 3 Awesome Animatronics You might not know what an animatronic character is. But you have probably seen a few of them. E.T., the extraterrestrial, is one. So are some of the dinosaurs in Jurassic Park, the movie. T ey are mechanical devices that seem to come to life. But animatronics are not a modern invention. T e fi rst mechanical characters came alive long ago. One ancient creation was a mechanical otter. It ate mechanical fi sh. Another was a mechanical woman who sang. Water or puff s of air made the devices move. Clockmakers invented advanced creations. T ey used metal springs and gears. Some characters were part of large clocks. In one, little fi gures struck a bell every hour. In another, a rooster fl apped its wings. It crowed on the hour. Some mechanical fi gures were made just for fun. A small mechanical boy wrote on paper. A mechanical magician waved a wand. A mechanical bird sang in a cage. A robot could play music. Heads could talk and laugh. New animatronics showed up in the 1960s. It started with Walt Disney. He created a theme park he called Disneyland. He wanted to put mechanical characters in it. His experts were called Imagineers. T ey fi rst built animatronic birds. T en, they built a mechanical Abraham Lincoln. Liquid and air made the president move. A tape recorder inside him let him talk. Disney made singing bears and ghosts and pirates. T e fi rst fi gures did not move like real people or animals. T ey were stiff . But new technology made them better. T e characters came alive with motors, gears, and cables. T ey could be controlled by computers. T e fi gures moved smoothly. T ey could even climb stairs! T eir skin looked more life-like. Animatronic creatures and monsters have starred in many movies. T e shark in Jaws was a famous one. Gizmo in Gremlins was animatronic. So were some characters in Star Wars movies. Today, there are even animatronic toys. You can get one of your own! —Curtis Slepian Untold Stories: Technology UTS_G4_ Reading Cards.indd 41 11/15/21 10:24 AM 11/15/21 10:24 AM Barbara Jordan Political Pioneer Lib rar y o f C on gr es s [ LC -U 9- 32 93 7- 32 A/ 33] Barbara Jordan had big dreams. She paved the way for women of color in politics. When Jordan spoke, people listened to her bold ideas. In 1972, she was elected to the U.S. Congress. She was the fi rst Black woman to represent the South. Jordan was born in Texas and grew up poor. Her father was a minister. Jordan went to all-Black schools. She had a gift for language and became a debate champion in high school. Jordan went to law school in Boston. She studied the U.S. Constitution there. T en, she returned to the South to teach. In time, she got into politics. Back then, Black people and all women were not seen by many as equal to White men. But Jordan stood out. She fought for the poor and used her voice to help people who were not being seen or heard. She believed in John F. Kennedy and helped him get elected as president. T en, she ran for offi ce herself. She won a seat in the Texas Senate in 1966. She was the fi rst Black woman to hold that offi ce. After her election to Congress, Jordan wrote laws and worked on civil rights. She fought for all people to be treated as equals. Jordan worked hard and advanced in her career. After three terms, she decided not to run again. People wondered why. It was because Jordan was sick. At fi rst, she kept her illness a secret. Many years later, she let people know. From her wheelchair, she gave a great speech at the Democratic Convention. It was the fi rst time a woman or a Black person gave the keynote speech. People saw the strength she had. Soon after, she was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom. When she died, the nation mourned the loss of a brave pioneer. —Lisa Perlman Greathouse FIGHT FOR YOUR RIGHTS! 909847_128723_UTS_G3_ Reading Cards.indd 5 An ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������ A������������������������������������������������ “We cannot aff ord to be separate,” Dorothy Height once said. “We have to see that all of us are in the same boat.” Height was a lifelong advocate for equality. She was a Black woman who fought for the civil rights of all people of color. And, she pushed for women to have the same rights and freedoms as men. Height was fi erce in her commitment to both causes. Her life’s work was to empower others. Height was born in 1912. A bright student, she was also a talented public speaker. In high school, she won a public speaking contest. T is helped her secure a college scholarship. A chance meeting shaped Height’s life. When she was 25, Height met Mary McLeod Bethune. Bethune was the head of a new organization. It was called the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW). T e NCNW had a mighty vision. Its goal was to improve the lives of all Black women. Height joined the NCNW. Her career as an activist began there. T rough her work, Height focused on many ways to help Black women. She promoted voter education. Funding was raised and sent to women who wanted to start their own businesses. Height later became the NCNW’s president. She led the group for 40 years. Height was also a key leader in the civil rights movement. She helped organize major events. T is included the March on Washington in 1963. She stood on the same stage as Martin Luther King Jr. when he gave his famous speech there. Many other men spoke at that event. But although she was a gifted speaker, Height was not asked to give a speech. She realized the civil rights movement lacked an awareness around women’s rights. For the rest of her life, Height worked hard to fi ght both racism and sexism. Height served on many committees in her later years. Her words had powerful infl uence. Many U.S. presidents listened to her ideas. President Barack Obama called Height the “godmother of the civil rights movement.” Height’s dream was equality for all. Her leadership helped bring that dream closer to reality. —Monika Davies D������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ W E N N. co m / N ew sc o m 11/15/21 9:05 AM 11/15/21 9:05 AM Alex Honnold Uniqueness for the Win Athletes need strong bodies and strong minds to achieve their goals. Some athletes have unique bodies that give them big advantages. They accomplish more than other people. Just having a special body for a sport does not guarantee success. Athletes need mental toughness, too. They need dedication. They use these to overcome stress and self-doubt. Champion swimmer Michael Phelps has won more gold medals than anyone in history. He has huge feet and incredibly long arms, and he spent countless hours swimming. He developed a near perfect swimming technique. Matched with Phelps’s dedication, his unique body type created a winning combination. Lynne Cox’s body has an extraordinarily even layer of fat that helps keep her warm. It helps her stay warm in very cold water. She also trained her mind to push her body further than anyone else. Her unique body and strong mind have helped her. She holds world records for open-water distance swimming. She holds records for cold-water swimming, too. Alex Honnold, one of the world’s most famous rock-climbers, climbs some of the biggest rocks and cliffs in the world. He often climbs famous sections of these rocks faster than anyone has ever done. Sometimes, he climbs these sections without any ropes attaching him to safety. A neuroscientist examined Honnold’s brain. A scan of his brain revealed that Honnold feels far less fear than most people. Honnold says that his brain acts like other brains, but his preparation allows him to focus on his dreams and not his fear. Tennis champion Serena Williams has strong arms and legs. She stands very tall. She has used her powerful body to win 23 Grand Slam championships. Williams pairs her physical gifts with extreme mental toughness. The combination makes her a champion. Runner Usain Bolt has unusually long legs. His long legs make for wide strides, and his wide strides make for great running speed. His leg length helped him become the fastest recorded human on the planet! Amazingly, Bolt also has scoliosis. His spine has a curve in it of greater than 40 degrees. The scoliosis also made one of his legs half an inch (1.25 centimeters) shorter than the other. Somehow, he found a way to run with lightning speed even with this challenge. Unique body types help athletes, but they do not work on their own. Their bodies matched with their minds and determination help them become the champions they are. —Antonio Sacre Extraordinary Athletes UTS_G5_ Reading Cards.indd 15 Student Guided Practice Book LANGUAGE POWER 2ND EDITION Grades 6–8 Look Inside: tcmpub.com/LNGPWR-cat Grades 6–8 Level A Kit 9798765971048 $831.59 Grades 6–8 Level B Kit 9798765971055 $831.59 Grades 6–8 Level C Kit 9798765971062 $831.59 Language Power, 2nd Edition Product Level ISBN Price Grades 6–8 Student Collection Level A 9781087695068 $221.75 Grades 6–8 Student Guided Practice Book Level A 9781087692197 $18.47 Grades 6–8 Student Collection Level B 9781087695075 $221.75 Grades 6–8 Student Guided Practice Book Level B 9781087692203 $18.47 Grades 6–8 Student Collection Level C 9781087695082 $221.75 Grades 6–8 Student Guided Practice Book Level C 9781087692210 $18.47 ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT (ELL/ESL/ELD)
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